Single chainring or double chainring: what is best for your gravel bike?

 Choosing between a single chainring or double chainring on bicycles gravel depends on the type of cyclist and the usual terrain.

• The single chainring stands out for its simplicity, lightness, and reduced maintenance.
  
  

• The double chainring offers a wider gear range and is ideal for long distances and significant elevation changes.
  
  

Both options are valid, and the important thing is to adjust the drivetrain to your real needs.

Drivetrain in gravel bikes: the key to versatility

How the drivetrain influences performance

The drivetrain largely defines the character of a gravel bike. It determines the ability to adapt to terrain, pedaling efficiency, and versatility to tackle both asphalt and dirt roads or tracks.

Evolution of the gravel and the arrival of the single chainring

gravel cycling was born as an intermediate discipline between road cycling and MTB. At first, the bikes used double chainring drivetrains, similar to those on road bikes. However, with the evolution of groupsets specific to gravel, single chainring systems have gained popularity thanks to their simplicity, lightness, and reliability.

Differences with road or MTB drivetrains

• Compared to road: the gear ratios are shorter and more versatile.
  
  

• Compared to MTB: gravel groupsets offer smoother and more progressive shifting, adapted to constant pedaling on varied terrain.

What is a single chainring drivetrain in gravel?

Definition and operation

The single chainring system (1x) uses a single front chainring combined with a wide-range rear cassette, usually with 11 or 12 speeds.

Typical configuration

A common setup includes a 40-tooth chainring and a 10-44 or 10-42 cassette, enough for mixed routes or moderate elevation changes.

Examples of common setups

• SRAM XPLR eTap AXS 1x12
  
  

• Shimano GRX 1x11
  
  

Both systems have become benchmarks for their reliability and shifting precision, both in electronic and mechanical versions.

Advantages of the single chainring in gravel

• Mechanical simplicity: a single shifter, fewer cables and components.
  
  

• Less maintenance: no front derailleur and no need for frequent adjustments.
  
  

• Reduced weight: ideal for those looking for a light and fast bike.
  
  

• More direct and faster shifting.
  
  

• Cleaner design and less prone to dirt accumulation.
  
  

Disadvantages of the single chainring in gravel

• Smaller gear range, which can be limiting on steep climbs or fast descents.
  
  

• Larger jumps between gears, which affect cadence on varied terrain.
  
  

• Greater wear on the chain and cassette due to concentrating all the work on a single chainring.
  

Advantages of the double chainring in gravel

• Wider gear range, suitable for all types of terrain.
  
  

• More efficient on long climbs and mountain routes.
  
  

• Better adaptation to variable paces and long distances.
  
  

Disadvantages of the double chainring in gravel

• More weight and greater mechanical complexity.
  
  

• Need for more frequent maintenance.
  
  

• Greater risk of misadjustments or dirt accumulation.
  
  

• Slower shifting when alternating between chainrings.
  
  

Comparison single chainring vs double chainring in gravel

Which transmission should you choose for your gravel bike?

If you prioritize simplicity and lightness: single chainring

The 1x system is perfect for those looking for an agile bike, with less maintenance and more direct operation. Ideal for gravel races or fast training.

If you do long and mountainous routes: double chainring

The 2x is the best option if you enjoy bike touring or routes with major elevation changes. It allows you to maintain a stable cadence and more efficient pedaling for hours.

If you want a versatile bike: depends on the terrain

A single chainring with a 10-44 cassette can cover most mixed routes. If you ride mountain passes or sections with lots of pace changes, the double chainring will be more versatile for you.